Question

بعض الكلمات اضيف لها er فتصبح عمل أو وظيفة مثل teach .... teacher... play.. player..وهكذا....

وبعضها اضيف لها ist مثل ....art.. artist.... cymbals.. cymbalist

هل هناك قاعده معينه.ام أن هذه الكلمات هكذا كانت في الأصل..ارجو الاجابه وأتمنى أن يكون سؤالي واضح...اتمنى رفع السؤال حتى يجيب الاستاذ

Answer 1

ist غالبا للاسماء وer  تضاف الي الافعال لتجعل منه اسم

Answer 2

هذه تسمى ال suffix وتعنى الملحقات بنهايه الكلمه ... نحن ندرسها فى المدرسه

الخلاصه هى مقاطع يتم اضافتها لآخر الكلمه لتحويلها الى صفه او فعل مثلا او وظيفه .. اى اشتقاق كلمات من الكلمه الاصليه

هذه الخلاصه وفى حد معرفتى ... اتمنى ان يجيبك الاستاذ

بالتوفيق لوزه ❤❤

Comments

شكرا منال ..وياك يارب⁦♥️⁩

Answer 3

اتمنى يجيب عليكِ الاستاذ

انا اخذتها بالمدرسة وهي الها قاعده معينة اسمها Suffixes for job titles 

رح اكتبلك الشرح الموجود بكتابي

A suffix is a group of letters at the end of a word.

Several job titles end in common suffxes,

such as -er, -ant, -or, -ian, -ic, -ist which

are added to a related word (or part of a related word):

 drive = (taxi ) driver 

 assist = (shop) assistant 

instruct = (driving ) instructor

electric =electrician

medical =  paramedic

journal = journalist 

There are no easy rules to say which suffix to use, but if you learn them in word families, that will help. 

ياريت تكوني استفاديتي حتى لو بالقليل

Comments

تشكرات اختي.. بالتوفيق

Answer 4

اعتقد ان ist تضاف  للكلمات التي من اصل لاتيني او فرنسي  ارجوا اتصحيح ان كانت المعلومه خطا

Comments

-ist
    Added to words to form nouns denoting:
        a person who studies or practices a particular discipline;
            botanist, one who studies plants
            psychiatrist, one who practices psychiatry
        a person who uses a device of some kind;
            violinist, one who plays a violin
            bicyclist, one who rides a bicycle
            autoist, one who drives an automobile
            pianist, one who plays the piano
            vapist, one who uses a vaping device
        one who engages in a particular type of activity;
            adventurist, one who takes risks or goes on adventures
            artist, one who makes art
            bigamist, one who commits bigamy
            terrorist, one who causes terror
            tourist, one who tours
            Note, many of these are related to -isms: adventurism, terrorism, tourism
        one who suffers from a specific condition or syndrome
            autist, egoist
            Note, these are related to -isms: autism, egoism
        one who subscribes to a particular theological doctrine or religious denomination;
            Calvinist, Baptist, deist
            Note, these are related to -isms: Calvinism, deism
        one who has a certain ideology or set of beliefs;
            Marxist, modernist, nihilist, existentialist, fascist, pacifist, activist, environmentalist,
            Note, these are related to -isms: Marxism, modernism, nihilism, existentialism, fascism, pacifism
        one who owns or manages something;
            capitalist; industrialist
            Note, these are related to -isms: capitalism; industrialism
        a person who holds bigoted, partial views.        sexist, racist: Note, these are related to -isms: sexism, racism

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-er
(added to verbs) A person or thing that does an action indicated by the root verb; used to form an agent noun.
Antonym: -ee
‎read + ‎-er → ‎reader
‎cook + ‎-er → ‎cooker
‎compute + ‎-er → ‎computer
‎run + ‎-er → ‎runner
‎toast + ‎-er → ‎toaster
‎do good + ‎-er → ‎do-gooder
(added to verbs, informal) A person or thing to which the root verb can satisfactorily be done.
‎look + ‎-er → ‎looker (“a beautiful woman/man”)
‎keep + ‎-er → ‎keeper (“a person or thing worth keeping”)
(added to a noun denoting an occupation) A person whose occupation is (the noun).
‎astrology + ‎-er → ‎astrologer
‎cricket + ‎-er → ‎cricketer
‎trumpet + ‎-er → ‎trumpeter
(added to a number, measurement or noun denoting a quantified set) A name for a person or thing that is based on a number (with or without a noun).
‎six + ‎-er → ‎sixer
‎six foot + ‎-er → ‎six-footer
‎three-wheel + ‎-er → ‎three-wheeler
‎first grade + ‎-er → ‎first-grader
(slang, chiefly entertainment, with few limitations) Used to form nouns shorter than more formal synonyms.
‎percent + ‎-er → ‎percenter (“commission agent”)
‎one hand + ‎-er → ‎one-hander (“one-man show”)
‎oat + ‎-er → ‎oater (“a Western-themed movie”)
(informal, added to a noun) One who enjoys.
Tooners lined up for tickets to Toy Story.
(derogatory, added to nouns) Person who subscribes to a particular conspiracy theory or unorthodox belief.
‎anti-vax + ‎-er → ‎anti-vaxxer
‎birth + ‎-er → ‎birther                 ‎flat earth + ‎-er → ‎flat-earther                ‎truth + ‎-er → ‎truther        ‎truth + ‎-er → ‎truther

Answer 5

أعتقد أن السبب هو ملحقات أخر الكلمه تضاف لها لتضيف معنى علي معناها مثل الصفه والموصوف أو الفعل والفاعل

كلمةteach معناها يدرس أو يعلم فإضافه (er)في أخرالكلمه معناها معلم وهذا معناها الشخص الذى قام بالفعل نفسه وهو التعليم وهكذا علي باقي الأمثله

والله أعلم

Answer 6

لا يوجد قاعدة ثابتة لهم